ADOPA
Publicado: 07/21/2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58994/adopa.v1i2.12
Prevalencia, coinfecciones y circulación estacional del virus sincitial respiratorio (VSR) en pacientes pediátricos de un centro médico en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
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Resumen
Introducción: a pesar de que el virus sincitial respiratorio (VSR) es una de las principales infecciones del tracto respiratorio inferior en pacientes pediátricos, existe información limitada sobre su impacto y prevalencia en la República Dominicana. Por lo que, este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la prevalencia, las coinfecciones y la circulación estacional del VSR en pacientes tratados en el Departamento de Pediatría del Centro de Obstetricia y Ginecología en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.
Métodos: se estudiaron 509 pacientes pediátricos entre julio de 2020 a septiembre de 2022. La detección del VSR y sus respectivas coinfecciones se realizaron a través de paneles virales.
Resultados: la prevalencia del VSR en pacientes pediátricos fue de un 23.77 %. Además, hubo una incidencia predominante del 52.9 % en pacientes masculinos y un 28.1 % de coinfec- ciones presentadas, siendo el rinovirus la afección más común. De los grupos etarios estu- diados, tuvieron la mayor prevalencia los menores de 2 años con un 61.2 %. En cuanto a la circulación estacional, se presentó una mayor incidencia entre octubre-diciembre tanto para el año 2020 como el 2021, mientras que en el 2022 la mayor prevalencia registrada fue de julio-septiembre. No se registró diferencia significativa entre las coinfecciones registrada y el sexo de los pacientes.
Conclusión: el VSR es una afección estacional que afecta en mayor medida a pacientes pediátricos menores a 2 años, presentándose tanto en mono como en coinfecciones.
Abstract
Introduction: There is a lack of information on the effects of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and its prevalence in the Dominican Republic, despite the fact that RSV is one of the most common causes of infections of the lower respiratory tract in pediatric patients. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence, coinfections, and seasonal circulation of RSV in patients treated at the Department of Pediatrics of Centro Obstetricia y Ginecología in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Methods: We studied 509 pediatric patients from July 2020 to September 2022. The detection of RSV and its respective coinfections was performed through viral panels.
Results: The prevalence of RSV in pediatric patients was 23.77%, with a higher incidence in male patients (52.89%). In addition, we documented 28.1% coinfections, with rhinovirus being the most prevalent. Among the age groups studied, the highest prevalence (61.2%) was found in children younger than 2 years. Regarding seasonal circulation, the peak incidence in 2020 and 2021 occurred between October and December, whereas the peak incidence in 2022 occurred between July and September. There was no significant difference between recorded coinfections and patient gender.
Conclusion: RSV is a seasonal condition that affects pediatric patients under the age of 2 years to a greater extent, occurring in both mono and coinfections. This condition is more common in patients with a younger age.
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Referencias
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